|
The 14,000 Twa (locally ''Cwa'' ) of the swamp forest north and west of Lake Tumba and between Tumba and Lake Mai-Ndombe in the west of the Congo are one of several fishing and hunter-gatherer castes living in a patron–client relationship with farming Bantu peoples across central and southern Africa. In this case the people are the Mongo, specifically the Mongo tribes known as Ntomba,〔Likely Ntomba-language speakers, who live around the lake, though dialects of Mongo proper are also called Ntomba〕 Lia (Bolia),〔Ntomba and Lia are possibly dialects〕 and Konda.〔Konda may also be divergent enough to be considered a distinct language.〕 The two castes are called ''Oto'' and ''Twa'': The ''Oto'' are the agricultural patrons of the Twa. Hunting is easiest for the Twa in the rainy season, the period of seasonal hunger, as the flooded rivers force game to high ground near the villages, which are separated from each other by the marshes. They exchange the game for cassava, palm oil, iron, and pottery. Unlike the situation further south, it is the patron Oto who do the fishing. The Twa are however being forced to settle, as their foraging territory is being cleared for farming (Pagezy). There is little mixing between the castes. On the rare occasion that an ''Oto'' man has a child with a ''Twa'' woman, the child is raised as Twa. This is in contrast to the Mbenga and Mbuti, where village men commonly take Pygmy wives, and the child grows up in the village (Hiernaux). Normally the name "Twa" is used alone, but when disambiguation is required, these people may be called the ''Mongo Twa, Konda Twa, Lia Twa, Ntomba Twa.''〔Pujol & Laurens, 1975. ''L'Homme et l'animal: premier Colloque d'ethnozoologie'', p 63; Hiernaux, p 202〕 ==Notes== 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mongo Twa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|